Ngomhla lu-1 kuNtulikazi, UHlelo “Lokuqashelwa Okuhlanganyelwe Kohlelo Lokuphathwa Kwezikweletu Kwebhizinisi Lokukhokhiswa Kwempahla ye-People's Republic of China (i-PRC) kanye Nohlelo Oluvikelekile Lokuthunyelwa Kwezimpahla Ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lwe-Customs Service of New Zealand” lwaqalwa Ukuphathwa Okujwayelekile Kwempahla Yezimpahla. i-PRC kanye nesevisi yeCustoms yaseNew Zealand.
Ngokohlelo olunjalo, “Isisebenzisi Esigunyaziwe Somnotho” (AEO) esiqashelwa okukodwa kwakho kokubili Kwesiko sizoqashelwa ngokulinganayo enye.
Iyini i-AEO?
I-World Customs Organisation (WCO) yethule Uhlelo lwe-AEO kuwo womabili amalungu e-Customs ngenhloso yokusungula amazinga ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kwe-supply chain kanye nokwenza lula ezingeni lomhlaba wonke ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqiniseka nokubikezelwa.
Mayelana nalokhu, “Uhlaka Lwamazinga Okuvikela Nokusiza Uhwebo Lomhlaba Wonke” lushicilelwe yi-WCO.
Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, i-AEO iyinhlangano ehililekile ekuhwebeni kwezimpahla kwamanye amazwe kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi ogunyazwe, noma egameni lokuphathwa Kwentela kuzwelonke njengokuthobelana ne-WCO noma izinga elifanayo lezokuphepha le-supply chain.I-AEO ihlanganisa phakathi kokunye abakhiqizi, abangenisa impahla ngaphandle, abathumela kwamanye amazwe, abadayisi, abathwali, indawo yokugcina impahla, nabasabalalisi.
Amasiko e-PRC kusukela ngo-2008 afake izinhlelo ezinjalo eShayina.Ngomhla ziyisi-8 kuMfumfu wezi-2014, i-Customs yashicilela “Izinyathelo Zesikhashana Zenkambiso YeRiphabhulikhi Yabantu Yase-China Zokuphathwa Kwezikweletu Zebhizinisi” (“Izinyathelo Ze-AEO”).Ngokokuqala ngqa, i-AEO yacaciswa kumthethonqubo wasekhaya waseShayina.I-AEO Measures iqale ukusebenza ngomhla ka-1 Disemba 2014.
Yiziphi izinzuzo ezingatholakala kuHlelo lwe-AEO?
Ngokwezinhlinzeko ezifanele ze-AEO Measures, ama-AEO ahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: jikelele kanye nethuthukisiwe.Okulandelayo kuthinta izinzuzo zento ngayinye.
Ama-AEO ajwayelekile azothokozela lokhu okulandelayo kokugunyazwa kwezimpahla ezingenayo nezithunyelwa ngaphandle:
1.Izinga eliphansi lokuhlola;
2.Izinqubo zokuhlolwa ezenziwe lula zemibhalo;
3.Okubalulekile ekusingatheni imithetho yokugunyazwa kwempahla.
Ama-AEO athuthukile azojabulela izinzuzo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
1.Izinqubo zokuqinisekisa kanye nokukhishwa zisingathwa ngaphambi kokuqinisekiswa kwezigaba, njengokulinganisa kweCustoms, izindawo ezivela kuzo izimpahla ezingenisiwe nezithunyelwa ngaphandle, kanye nokuqedwa kweminye imithetho;
2.I-Customs iqoka abaxhumanisi bamabhizinisi;
3. Ukuhweba kwamabhizinisi akukho ngaphansi kwesistimu ye-akhawunti yediphozi yasebhange (Qaphela: uhlelo lwe-akhawunti yediphozi yasebhange luqedwe ICustoms kusukela ngomhla ka-Aug 1, 2017);
4. Izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuvunyelwa ezihlinzekwa yiCustoms emazweni noma ezifundeni ezingaphansi kokuqashelwa okuhlangene kwe-AEO.
I-China ifinyelele nobani ezinhlelweni zokwazisana?
Manje, i-Customs ye-PRC isifinyelele uchungechunge lwezinhlelo zokuqaphelana neminye iminyango ye-Customs yamalungu e-WCO, ehlanganisa: Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, European Union, Switzerland, kanye ne-New Zealand.
Ama-AEO aqashelwa i-Customs yaseShayina azojabulela ukusizakala okunikezwe ngaphansi kokuhlelwa okufanayo okuhlobene, okufana nezinga eliphansi lokuhlolwa kanye nokubalulekile ekusingatheni imithetho yokugunyazwa kwentela yezimpahla eziphuma kwamanye amazwe nezithunyelwa ngaphandle.
Njengoba i-China's Customs iphetha izinhlelo ezengeziwe zokusebenzisana nezinye I-Customs yamalungu e-WCO, ama-AEO aqashelwayo azokwenza lula ukugunyazwa kweCustoms emazweni amaningi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-15-2022